Map Of Finland - Ethnics, Cities, And Languages Explained
Finland’s map is a visual journey through one of Europe’s most enchanting countries. Known for its pristine lakes, sprawling forests, and iconic northern lights, Finland’s geography is a testament to nature’s beauty. The map also highlights its dynamic cities, led by Helsinki, which serve as hubs of culture and technology.
Author:Michael RachalReviewer:Finn WildeJan 03, 202534 Shares34.4K Views
Finland, famed for its stunning natural beauty, rich cultural heritage, and modern yet rustic charm, is a location that captivates everyone who visits. The country is home to breathtaking national parks, where you can trek, ski, and ride through huge wilderness areas.
Finland's intriguing culture, from the old Sami traditions to the modern marvel of Finnish architecture, provides an insight into a distinct way of life. A trip to this country is more than just seeing the landscapes and towns; it's also about immersing oneself in a culture that values nature, wellness, and simplicity.
15 Quick Facts About Finland
- Official Name: Republic of Finland (Suomi in Finnish).
- Capital: Helsinki, located on the southern coast along the Gulf of Finland.
- Population: Approximately 5.5 million people.
- Official Languages: Finnish and Swedish.
- Currency: Euro (€), abbreviated as EUR.
- Dialing Code: +358.
- National Animal: Brown bear, symbolizing strength and wilderness.
- Geography: Known as the "Land of a Thousand Lakes," Finland has over 188,000 lakes.
- Topography: Flat landscapes with vast forests covering 75% of the country.
- Midnight Sun: Northern Finland experiences 24-hour daylight in summer.
- Northern Lights: Lapland is one of the world’s best places to view the aurora borealis.
- Top Attractions: Suomenlinna Fortress, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and Lake Saimaa, Finland's largest lake.
- Education: Finland’s education system is considered one of the best globally.
- National Sport: Pesäpallo, a variation of baseball.
- Saunas: A deep cultural tradition, with over 3 million saunas in the country.
Brief History Of Finland
The initial settlers arrived in Finland around 9,000 years ago. These groups likely included the forebears of the Sami people.
Attracted by the abundant game, especially fur-bearing animals and fish, they migrated northward as the glaciers melted. They may have initially visited only for summer hunting, but over time, more began to remain through the winter. Berries formed an essential part of their diet.
Approximately 3,000 years later, another group of settlers came from the southeast. They probably spoke a Finno-Ugric language and might have been related to the ancestors of the Finns. Additional tribes, such as the forebears of the Tavastians, migrated from central Europe and the southwest, ultimately adopting the Finno-Ugric language.
During the first millennium BCE, more groups, including the ancestors of the Finns, settled in the area. The Sami, previously spread throughout Finland, moved further north. Other groups merged with the newcomers, resulting in settlements extending across southern Finland.
The population was still sparse, yet three distinct communities began to take shape: the Finns, the Tavastians, and the Karelians. Each community had its own leaders and frequently engaged in conflicts with one another.
Before the Viking Age (8th-11th century CE), settlers from Sweden established communities along Finland’s southwestern coast. During this era, Finland was located at the northern extremity of trade routes to Russia, with its inhabitants serving as suppliers of furs.
The Finns did not participate in Viking raids. The end of the Viking Age brought instability to Finland due to attacks from Swedes and Danes, as well as trading activities carried out by Russians and Germans.
Geographical Overview Of Finland’s Map
Finland is located in northern Europe and is recognized for its remote geography and northern position. The country has a severe climate and is predominantly covered by thick forests, which constitute nearly two-thirds of its area, making it the most forested nation in Europe. It acts as a symbolic division between western and eastern Europe, bordered by Russia and wilderness to the east and the Gulf of Bothnia and Sweden to the west.
From the 12th century until 1809, Finland was under Swedish rule. It then became a grand duchy of Russia until it proclaimed independence on December 6, 1917, in the wake of the Russian Revolution.
During the 1940s, Finland surrendered roughly ten percent of its land, giving up the Petsamo region and significant parts of southeastern Karelia to the Soviet Union. These territories are presently part of Russia.
Throughout the Cold War, Finland upheld a neutral political position, although a treaty from 1948 obligated it to defend against any aggression directed at the Soviet Union through its land. Since World War II, Finland has enhanced its global trade and cultural connections.
It became a member of the United Nations in 1955 as part of a U.S.-Soviet agreement and has engaged in the Nordic Council to align policies among its member nations. Finland joined the European Union in 1995.
Finland gained worldwide recognition with the establishment of the Helsinki Accords during the 1975 Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe. The nation has fostered strong ties with other Scandinavian countries, collaborating on economic, cultural, and scientific initiatives while sharing a labor market.
The country's natural scenery, characterized by its forests and lakes, has profoundly shaped its artistic and cultural expressions. The national epic, Kalevala, has influenced various artists, architects, and writers, including Alvar Aalto, Akseli Gallen-Kallela, Jean Sibelius, and Edith Södergran.
Finnish sayings and customs frequently emphasize the strong bond with nature, even though the majority of the population resides in the southern third of the nation due to the harsh climate in the north. Approximately one-fifth of Finns live in and around Helsinki, which is the largest city in Finland and also the northernmost capital in Europe. Nevertheless, forests continue to play a crucial role in shaping Finnish identity and lifestyle.
Ethnic Groups
Excavations conducted in 1996 have greatly changed the perception of how long humans have inhabited Finland. Findings in a cave near Kristinestad, located in the southwestern part of the country, indicate that human presence in Finland may extend back at least 100,000 years.
By approximately 7000 BCE, ancestors of the Sami were already living there. As new groups began to arrive around 3,000 years later, it is likely that the proto-Sami migrated northward.
Archaeological findings suggest that this second wave of settlers came from or had interactions with regions that would eventually become Russia, Scandinavia, and central Europe. Uralic-speaking groups, particularly of Finno-Ugric heritage, established their presence in two settlement areas.
Those who arrived through the Gulf of Finland into southwestern Finland became the ancestors of the Hämäläiset (Tavastians), who settled in southern and western parts, particularly in Häme. Meanwhile, those who came from the southeast formed the Karelians. Scandinavian settlers established themselves along the western coastline, in the archipelagos, and on the Åland Islands.
Approximately half of Finland's small Sami populace resides in the Sami Homeland (Sámiid ruovttuguovlu), situated in the northernmost region of Lappi. In 1995, amendments to Finland’s constitution recognized the Sami as an indigenous people, affording them the rights to uphold and promote their language and culture.
Languages In Finland
Finland acknowledges two national languages, Finnish and Swedish, making it officially bilingual. Approximately 90% of the population communicates in Finnish, a language deeply connected to national identity, although it varies in different regional dialects.
Swedish speakers are primarily located in coastal regions to the south, southwest, west, and in the Åland Islands, where Swedish holds sole official language status. The Constitution of 2000 requires public authorities to cater to the needs of both Finnish and Swedish speakers equally. The Language Act of 2004 further defined the rights and obligations regarding the use of the national languages.
A small fraction of Finland's populace speaks Russian and Estonian, with only a limited number of Sami speakers found in the far northern areas. Out of the 11 Sami languages, three are spoken in Finland: North Sami, Inari Sami (which is unique to Finland), and Skolt Sami. These languages have a connection to Finnish, with North Sami being the most widely spoken, utilized by nearly 80% of the Sami population.
Language communities in Finland coexist harmoniously, and minority languages hold a relatively robust status compared to those in numerous other multilingual and multicultural nations. Although Sami is not classified as a national language like Finnish and Swedish, its recognition as a regional minority language is secured by the Sami Language Act of 2004.
Map Of Finland’s Cities
Helsinki
Helsinki, the capital and largest city of Finland, is situated along the Gulf of Finland in the southern region of the country. Historically, it has significant connections with Tallinn, the capital of Estonia, Saint Petersburg in Russia, and Stockholm in Sweden.
Serving as Finland's political, cultural, financial, and educational center, Helsinki features advanced infrastructure, providing its residents with a high standard of living. A global livability survey in 2015 ranked Helsinki among the top 10 most livable cities. Helsinki plays a vital role in transportation, with its airport and harbor connecting Finland to international destinations.
Espoo
Espoo, which is Finland's second-largest municipality, has a population of 279,044 and is located in proximity to Helsinki. It is recognized for its robust high-tech sector and includes a university campus.
With a mix of urban development, green areas, and waterways, Espoo is appealing for both businesses and individuals. The city also contains various research organizations, enhancing its reputation as a hub of innovation.
Tampere
Tampere is situated in the Pirkanmaa region of southern Finland and ranks as the country’s third-largest city. Located between Pyhäjärvi and Näsijärvi lakes, it is connected by rapids that produce hydroelectric energy. Tampere serves as a center for sectors including mechanical engineering, health and biotechnology, as well as information and communication technologies.
Despite its industrial capabilities, the city has faced unemployment challenges, which was roughly 20% in 2016. Tampere is home to four higher education institutions and boasts a lively cultural landscape, featuring theaters, music festivals, and art displays.
Vantaa
Vantaa, which is Finland's fourth-largest city with a population of 223,027, is situated in the Finnish Capital Region, near Helsinki. The city is recognized for its closeness to Helsinki Airport, the country’s primary international gateway.
Vantaa also contains numerous businesses and residential areas, making it a vital component of the metropolitan region. Important cultural and scientific sites, including the Finnish Science Centre Heureka, can be found here.
Oulu
Oulu is located in the Northern Ostrobothnia region. It is the most significant city in northern Finland and is notable for being the most populated northern city outside of Russia. Often referred to as a "living lab" of Europe, Oulu promotes technological innovation by inviting residents to trial new technologies throughout the city.
The economy of Oulu is primarily driven by technology, education, and services, and it boasts a major university that enhances its research and development efforts. Oulu merges a contemporary urban environment with traditional northern cultural elements.
Turku
Turku, which has a population of 189,669, is the sixth-largest city in Finland and one of its oldest, situated in the southwest along the Aura River. Once Finland's first capital, Turku continues to serve as a vital cultural and historical hub.
The city features a significant port that facilitates trade and tourism within the Baltic Sea area. With its universities and research institutions, Turku plays an essential role in education. The city's medieval landmarks, such as Turku Castle and the Turku Cathedral, draw many visitors.
Jyväskylä
Jyväskylä has a population of 140,188 and is located in the central region of the country, within Central Finland. The city is well-known for its educational institutions, especially the University of Jyväskylä, which significantly contributes to research and innovation.
Jyväskylä is also associated with the renowned Finnish architect Alvar Aalto, whose works can be seen throughout the city. The nearby lakes and forests provide opportunities for various outdoor activities, making it a popular spot for both residents and tourists.
Lahti
Lahti, with a population of 119,573, is located in southern Finland, close to Lake Vesijärvi, and is recognized as a leader in environmental innovation. Lahti earned the title of European Green Capital in 2021 due to its initiatives focused on sustainability.
The city is also well-known for its winter sports facilities and regularly hosts international skiing competitions. Lahti's cultural sites, including Sibelius Hall, enhance its reputation as a lively city for the arts.
Kuopio
Kuopio boasts a population of 118,209 and is situated in the Northern Savonia region. Renowned for its breathtaking lakeside views, Kuopio is encircled by Lake Kallavesi, making it a favored spot for water activities and leisure.
The city houses the University of Eastern Finland along with various research institutions. Kuopio is also celebrated for its cultural events, such as the Kuopio Dance Festival, and its traditional Finnish dishes, including the famous kalakukko fish pie.
Pori
Pori, found on Finland's western coast, is one of the nation's oldest cities. It is recognized for its lively cultural atmosphere and the annual Pori Jazz Festival, which ranks among Europe’s top jazz events. Pori serves as a significant hub for commerce and industry, supported by its port on the Gulf of Bothnia.
The city is home to numerous historical sites, including the Pori Church and old industrial structures that highlight its history. Its coastal position and nearby sandy beachesmake it a sought-after destination in the summertime.
Population Of Finland
Finland has a projected population of approximately 5.6 million, which makes it one of the least densely populated nations in Europe. The majority of the population lives in the southern areas, where the climate is gentler, and cities such as Helsinki, Espoo, and Tampere offer economic and cultural prospects. The rural regions in the northern and eastern parts of the country are lightly populated, featuring vast stretches of forests and natural landscapes.
The population is becoming older, with a considerable percentage over the age of 65, mirroring trends seen in many advanced countries. Initiatives to tackle this demographic change include strategies aimed at boosting birth rates and addressing the needs of an aging population. Immigration has also contributed to supplementing the workforce and enhancing the cultural diversity of Finland.
Finland has a population that is both ethnically and linguistically varied, with Finnish and Swedish recognized as the official languages. In the northern regions, there are also minor communities of Sami people, alongside speakers of Russian, Estonian, and several other languages. This variety enhances the rich cultural and social fabric of Finland.
Helsinki - Capital Of Finland
Helsinki, the capital city of Finland, acts as the country’s primary seaport and center for industry. It is situated on a peninsula in the southern part of Finland, surrounded by natural harbors along the Gulf of Finland. Acknowledged as the northernmost capital of continental Europe, it is often referred to as the "White City of the North" because of its numerous structures built from light-hued granite.
Established in 1550 by King Gustav I Vasa of Sweden, Helsinki was created to compete with the city of Reval (modern Tallinn). Originally located at the mouth of the Vantaa River, it was moved to its current location in 1640 to improve maritime accessibility. Although it faced a plague in 1710, destruction by fire in 1713, and assaults from Russia in the 18th century, Helsinki’s prospects shifted positively in 1748 with the establishment of the Sveaborg (Suomenlinna) fortress, which bolstered its defenses.
Following Russia’s acquisition of Finland in 1809, Helsinki rose in importance. Tsar Alexander I relocated the capital from Turku to Helsinki in 1812, spurring swift growth.
The German-born architect Carl Ludwig Engel transformed the city center, creating notable Neoclassical structures such as the Lutheran Cathedral, Helsinki University, and the State Council Building, all of which surround Senate Square. The Uspenski Orthodox Cathedral serves as a testament to Russian influence during this era.
By the time Finland achieved independence from Russia in 1917, the population of Helsinki had surged to 60,000 from merely 4,000 in 1810. The city went through considerable upheaval during the civil war of 1918 but quickly found stability afterward, evolving into a hub for governance, trade, and culture. In 1919, the Helsinki Parliament appointed Finland’s first president, laying the foundation for the city’s ongoing development.
Helsinki benefits from its strategic ports and efficient transportation systems, which connect it to other parts of Finland. While the port accounts for more than half of Finland’s imports, the majority of exports are channeled through other coastal cities.
Key industries in the region include food processing, metal processing, chemical manufacturing, textiles, and the production of electrical equipment. The Arabia porcelain factory is renowned worldwide for its exceptional craftsmanship.
Helsinki is culturally affluent, featuring theaters, an opera and ballet company, symphony orchestras, and yearly festivals that draw talent from around the world. Architectural treasures include Finlandia Hall, the Olympic Stadium, and the Helsinki Railway Station, which was designed by Eliel Saarinen. Contemporary structures such as the Helsinki City Theatre, created by Timo Penttilä, and a concert hall by Alvar Aalto contribute to the city's range of architectural styles.
Established in 1640, Helsinki University ranks among the largest universities in Scandinavia. With an estimated population of 656,920, the city and its surrounding urban area accommodate nearly 1.3 million residents, making it a lively and essential part of Finland’s identity.
Types Of Maps Of Finland
Finland's diverse landscapes and distinctive geography are depicted through various types of maps, each serving a specific function. These maps provide important insights into the nation's natural, political, and cultural characteristics.
Topographic Maps
Topographic maps of Finland illustrate the country's physical attributes, such as its forests, lakes, rivers, and variations in elevation. They emphasize Finland's extensive network of lakes and the vast areas of forest that cover the land. Contour lines demonstrate changes in elevation, providing a clear depiction of Finland's predominantly flat terrain with gradual inclines in the northern regions.
Political Maps
Political maps concentrate on Finland’s administrative structures, highlighting its regions, municipalities, and the positions of significant cities like Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku. These maps are crucial for understanding the country's political framework and are frequently utilized for governance, planning, and educational purposes.
Road And Transportation Maps
Road maps illustrate Finland’s transport infrastructure, including major roads, rail services, and ferry routes. They highlight the connections between urban centers and rural regions, showcasing Finland's commitment to providing access even in isolated areas. These maps are commonly utilized by travelers and logistics businesses.
Climate Maps
Climate maps showcase the differences in weather conditions, temperatures, and rainfall throughout Finland. They typically highlight the contrasts between the southern parts, where summers are fairly mild, and the northern regions, which endure more severe winters and a subarctic climate.
Geological Maps
Geological maps offer insights into the rock formations, soil classifications, and mineral deposits of Finland. These maps are crucial for analyzing the nation's geology, particularly the granite bedrock that characterizes Finland's landscape. They find applications in sectors such as construction, mining, and environmental research.
Tourist Maps
Tourist maps emphasize points of interest, including national parks, historical sites, and cultural attractions. They also indicate the locations of ski resorts, hiking paths, and waterways. These maps are crafted to enrich visitors' experiences by highlighting Finland's noteworthy destinations.
Thematic Maps
Thematic maps highlight particular characteristics of Finland, such as population density, economic activities, or language distribution. For instance, they may demonstrate the prevalence of Swedish speakers in coastal regions or the presence of Sami communities in the northern part of the country.
Historical Maps
Historical maps portray the development of Finland over time, illustrating shifts in borders, political authority, and settlement trends. These maps are essential resources for historians and educators examining Finland’s transformation from a Swedish province to an independent country
National Parks In Finland
Lemmenjoki National Park, Northern Lapland
The Sámi people's homeland is home to Finland's largest national park, a wilderness. There are several designated hiking paths in the Lemmenjoki River Valley. While the 22km (13.7-mile) Lemmenjoki Riverside Trail has cable-boat crossings over the river, the 4.5km (2.8-mile) Lemmenjoki Nature Trail meanders through old-growth pine trees. There are also many more canoe routes, cross-country ski tracks, and hiking paths in the park.
The park is located roughly 31 miles (50 kilometers) southwest of Inari. With its brilliant fall foliage and absence of midges and mosquitoes, September is the perfect time of year to come. The Njurkulahti and Repojoki parking lots are where most hiking trails begin. The hiking trails are closed in winter, but the ski trail remains open.
Linnansaari National Park, Lakeland
This park in Finland's charming lake area is best explored by boat or canoe. Ospreys and the endangered Saimaa ringed seal are among the many species you might see while canoeing on the 562 sq km (217 sq mile) Haukivesi Lake. There are hundreds of uninhabited islands in the lake, where edible mushrooms and bilberries can be discovered.
A 2km (1.2-mile) nature walk is part of the hiking network on Linnansaari, the largest island. There is a cross-country skiing trail and an 18km (11-mile) ice track between Oravi and Porosalmi that draws skaters in the winter. You can hire equipment for both activities at the beginning of either track.
Ekenäs Archipelago National Park, South Coast
Located where the Åland Sea and the Gulf of Finland meet, this island park is a popular summertime resort. The 1,300 or so forested islands that make up the archipelago are home to a variety of bird species, such as common eiders and white-tailed eagles. Along with scuba diving, kayaking is a popular pastime, and local companies organize trips for trained divers.
Some islands offer hiking opportunities for outdoor aficionados, while others are off-limits to tourists. The most visited is Älgö Island's 2km (1.2-mile) nature trail, which leads to an observation tower with breathtaking views of the ocean.
Oulanka National Park, Koillismaa
Along the Russian border, this 27,000-hectare park is home to river rapids, waterfalls, and boreal forests made up of spruce, birch, and pine. The Bear's Ring, another name for the well-known Karhunkierros Hiking Trail, is a point-to-point trek rather than a loop. From Ristikallio to Juuma, it is 52 km (32 miles) long; from Hautajärvi to Ruka, it is 82 km (51 miles).
The calypso orchid is one of more than 400 protected species found in the park. Numerous bird species, including black kites, grey wagtails, white-tailed eagles, and white-throated dippers, can be found there as well. Canoeing and rafting on the Oulankajoki River, mountain biking, forest foraging, cross-country skiing, and snowshoeing on the 26km (16-mile) Oulanka Wilderness Trail are among the park's activities.
Nuuksio National Park, South Coast
Despite lacking the striking scenery of other Finnish parks, Nuuksio is a well-liked day trip destination because of its proximity to Helsinki. The park features easily accessible cross-country ski and walking routes that meander through forested valleys that are home to a diverse range of wildlife and plants.
Important information on the region can be found at the nature center. Foraging is permitted, and hikers can enjoy harvesting lingonberries and bilberries in the fall.
Urho Kekkonen National Park, Northern Lapland
This expansive park, which is part of Finnish Lapland, provides hiking and bicycling options in addition to winter skiing. Because of its northern location, there are great opportunities to witness the aurora borealis and come across reindeer that are grazing freely on the fells.
Although cross-country skiing and hiking are rewarding, going off designated tracks necessitates wilderness and orienteering abilities since wintertime heavy snow can make navigation challenging. The park has mountain bike paths close to Saariselkä, Kiilopää, and Kakslauttanen, as well as well-maintained ski trails and designated hiking routes.
Patvinsuo National Park, North Karelia
Patvinsuo is recognized for its vast wetland habitats, making it a favored location for birdwatchers and hikers. Guests can traverse this marshy landscape along a 20km (12-mile) system of boardwalks and several marked paths on firm ground. Spring attracts many bird enthusiasts, as migrating birds arrive to feed and breed.
One of the key hiking paths in the park is the 25km (15.5-mile) Patvinkierto Trail, which leads past birdwatching locations such as the Teretinniemi tower and Lahnasuo platform, where visitors can observe various bird species, including mire and water birds, gamefowl, and raptors.
Other hiking options comprise the 16km (10-mile) Suomunkierto trail, which encircles Lake Suomunjärvi, as well as shorter nature trails like Kuusipolku, Lakkapolku, and Mäntypolku.
Pallas-Yllästunturi National Park, Western Lapland
Pallas-Yllästunturi National Park covers 102,000 hectares (252,050 acres) and provides a variety of activities, including foraging for delicious cloudberries, trekking through breathtaking fall sceneries, and cycling under the midnight sun on gently sloping pathways. The park has well-maintained cross-country skiing trails and defined mountain biking paths.
The park's most popular trail, 50 kilometers (31 miles), connects Hetta and Pallas and is good for hiking and snowshoeing. The route, with its ascents and descents, rewards hikers with beautiful views of the Lapland fells, but be prepared for cold and windy weather, since vast stretches are exposed to the elements.
Hossa National Park, Central Finland
Hossa National Park, established in 2017 to commemorate Finland's 100th anniversary of independence, has 11,000 hectares (27,180 acres) of wilderness, including lakes, rivers, deep woods, and ancient rock art. The park provides year-round activities such as canoeing, mountain biking, fishing, cross-country skiing, and hiking. Highlights include prehistoric rock art in Julma-Ölkky and Värikallio.
Hossa is accessible to tourists with mobility issues, offering wheelchair-friendly routes, campfire areas, and composting toilets. Fishing and boating jetties are also disability accessible. The visitor center has charging stations for wheelchair batteries and rents out electric scooters.
Koli National Park, Karelia
Koli National Park's renowned hilltops provide stunning vistas. Mäkrävaara, Paimenenvaara, Pieni-Koli, Jauholanvaara, Hirvivaara, and Ukko-Koli have difficult slopes, yet the effort to reach their summits is worthwhile. For those with little time or energy, Ukko-Koli is a must-see hill, accessible via a steep stairs or a 0.8km (0.5-mile) accessible trail.
At the summit, tourists can enjoy panoramic views of Lake Pielinen, one of Finland's most beautiful landscapes, making it a must-visit for those seeking valuable overseas information. Ukko-Koli also offers downhill skiing with a vertical drop of 230m (755ft), the sharpest in southern Finland.
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Top Attractions On The Map Of Finland
Northern Lights In Lapland
The Northern Lights, a must-see spectacle, turn Lapland's winter nights into a vibrant dreamscape. The sky is illuminated with shades of green, blue, yellow, purple, and red, providing a dreamlike experience. This stunning natural spectacle is best enjoyed on clear, starry nights, making Lapland an unforgettable vacation.
Snow Castle Of Kemi
Each winter, Kemi builds the world's largest snow fort, which includes a hotel, restaurant, art gallery, and chapel. The structure melts in the spring and is rebuilt every year with different ideas.
During the day, hotel rooms are open to the public, and the chapel has become a popular wedding venue. Plans are planned to build a year-round Snow Castle, guaranteeing that this magnificent location is always accessible.
Aland Islands
This Swedish-speaking archipelago in the Baltic Sea is renowned for its natural beauty and outdoor sports. The islands' well-maintained roads and ferry infrastructure make island hopping easier.
The city, Mariehamn, as well as ancient ruins and pristine islands, are popular tourist destinations. Kayaking, boating, and hiking all provide opportunities to immerse oneself in nature.
Finnish Sauna Experience
The sauna is an essential part of Finnish culture, and almost every home has one. These wooden, steam-heated rooms offer a place to unwind and recharge.
Tradition calls for a sauna session followed by a swim in a local lake or river. This must-do experience for newbies is available at resorts around Finland.
Old Porvoo
Porvoo, Finland's second oldest town, is known for its ruby-red wooden homes along the Porvoonjoki River. Cobblestone streets, wooden cottages, and open-air eateries create a delightful environment.
Porvoo, connected to Helsinki by a river, is ideal for a weekend getaway or a longer vacation. Its parks, market square, and historic landmarks make it an enjoyable destination.
Olavinlinna Castle
Olavinlinna Castle, built on an island in Lake Saimaa, was an important stronghold against eastern invaders. Built to protect the Savo Region, the castle has a commanding appearance.
Every year since 1912, the castle has hosted the Annual Opera Festival, which draws visitors from all over the world. Guided tours uncover fascinating stories and secrets within the medieval walls.
Skiing In Levi
Levi is known for its superb skiing conditions, which include practically empty slopes and continuous snowfall. The resort's contemporary amenities and lack of people make it a popular choice for snow sports.
Beyond skiing, Levi provides snowmobiling, husky and reindeer excursions, and snowshoeing. The glass-roofed igloos of Levin Iglut Resort offer a unique Arctic experience.
Urho Kekkonen National Park
This huge national park, Finland's second largest, is suitable for outdoor enthusiasts who enjoy hiking, trekking, and skiing. The park's sceneries vary from clear streams to deep gorges and rolling hills, changing greatly with the seasons. Traditional Sami reindeer herding continues within the park, and activities such as reindeer and husky safaris provide a unique opportunity to connect with nature.
Suomenlinna Fortress
Suomenlinna Fortress, built under Swedish domination, encompasses six islands near the entrance to Helsinki Harbor. Construction began in the 18th century, and the site has been administered by Sweden, Russia, and Finland throughout its history.
Following Finnish independence in 1917, the stronghold was renamed Suomenlinna, which means "Fortress of Finland." Today, the neighborhood is home to about 800 people, the majority of whom work in tourism.
Lake Saimaa
Finland's largest lake, Lake Saimaa, is bordered by lush forests, streams, and more than 10,000 islands. Lakeland is a popular destination for kayaking, hiking, and relaxing in nature. Lake Saimaa, historically noteworthy for the usage of steamboats before automobiles, is now a haven for individuals seeking relaxation in the middle of untouched nature.
Sami Culture In Inari
The Sami people, the only officially recognized indigenous population in the European Union, are strongly anchored in traditions like reindeer herding and craftsmanship. Inari is the Sami people's cultural hub and home to their parliament, which supervises language and cultural concerns.
Inari's main attractions include the Sami Museum and Cultural Centre, as well as opportunities to learn about Sami traditions on reindeer farms. Beyond the town, extensive wilderness areas provide tranquil landscapes linked to their legacy.
Helsinki Cathedral
Helsinki Cathedral, erected between 1830 and 1852, is out for its neoclassical architecture. Perched over the city and harbor, it is guarded by twelve statues of Jesus' apostles on the roof. After viewing the cathedral, many people visit Market Square, which is famed for its food vendors and restaurants with heated patios, providing an ideal area for leisure.
Turku Castle
Turku Castle, which dates from the late 13th century, is a majestic building that overlooks the Aura River. Along with Turku Cathedral, it is one of Finland's oldest inhabited structures. Originally built as a military bastion, the castle has a long history of ownership changes during the medieval period.
Today, Turku Castle serves as a museum and one of Finland's most recognizable sights. Guided tours are given everyday during the summer, although independent visitors may need several hours to negotiate the castle's maze-like hallways, old furniture, displays, and courtyards.
Old Rauma
Old Rauma is one of Finland's oldest settlements, founded in the 1300s. The old area has colorful antique houses and attractive cobblestone streets. The beautifully refurbished Market Square is a bustle of cafes and restaurants with a charming vibe.
The town is well-known for its historic bobbin lace-making trade, which is commemorated annually during Lace Week. Historic churches with medieval frescoes are must-sees.
Dialing Code Of Finland
To make international calls to Finland, the dialing code +358 must be used. When reaching out to a Finnish phone number, start with your country's international exit code, followed by +358, then the area code or mobile prefix, omitting the initial zero. For instance, if the Finnish number is 040 123 4567, dial +358 40 123 4567.
Area codes in Finland differ based on the region. Significant cities like Helsinki have their own distinct prefixes, while mobile numbers typically begin with 4 or 5.
The national telephone infrastructure is modern and efficient, facilitating easy connections both locally and internationally. Be mindful of time zones when calling Finland, particularly if you're contacting a business or organization.
Currency Of Finland
The currency used in Finland is the euro (€), which is abbreviated as EUR. Introduced in 2002, the euro took over from the Finnish markka (FIM) as part of Finland's involvement in the European Union's Economic and Monetary Union. A euro is subdivided into 100 cents.
Euro banknotes are standardized across all countries in the eurozone, while the coins have a common design on one side and a distinctive Finnish image on the other. Finnish coins frequently showcase national symbols, such as the lion from the coat of arms.
The euro is broadly accepted for transactions throughout Finland, with electronic payments being the norm in everyday business. Credit and debit cards are commonly utilized, and contactless payments are prevalent.
Currency exchange services can be found at banks, airports, and exchange offices. It is advisable for travelers to review exchange rates before exchanging their money.
FAQs
What Time Of Year Is Best For Viewing The Northern Lights In Finland?
The Northern Lights are most visible from late September to March, with the clearest chances on cold, dark nights in Lapland.
Is It Necessary To Speak Finnish To Travel In Finland?
Most Finns speak fluent English, especially in cities and tourist areas, making it easy for travelers to communicate.
How Do I Travel Between Helsinki And Suomenlinna Fortress?
A short ferry ride from Helsinki’s Market Square connects the city to Suomenlinna Fortress, with frequent departures throughout the day.
What Makes Finland’s Education System Stand Out Globally?
Finland focuses on equality, minimal standardized testing, highly qualified teachers, and a student-centered learning approach, leading to consistent high rankings.
Are There Special Requirements For Visiting Lapland In Winter?
Visitors should prepare for extreme cold by wearing layered clothing and may need to book accommodations and activities such as husky safaris or reindeer sleigh rides well in advance during peak season.
Conclusion
Finland is undeniably a place that combines the tranquility of nature with the tempo of modern life. It asks you to slow down, reconnect with nature, and adopt a lifestyle based on harmony and balance. The country's amazing scenery, from the unspoiled woods in the north to the stunning lakes and lovely cities, provides the ideal setting for both tranquil introspection and adventurous exploration.
The fascination of Finland extends beyond its breathtaking landscapes to its distinct cultural traditions, welcoming environment, and the peaceful charm of its ever-changing seasons. It's a site that lingers with you long after you've left, and it promises to engage and inspire all types of visitors.
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Jump to
15 Quick Facts About Finland
Brief History Of Finland
Geographical Overview Of Finland’s Map
Ethnic Groups
Languages In Finland
Map Of Finland’s Cities
Population Of Finland
Helsinki - Capital Of Finland
Types Of Maps Of Finland
National Parks In Finland
Top Attractions On The Map Of Finland
Dialing Code Of Finland
Currency Of Finland
FAQs
Conclusion
Michael Rachal
Author
Michael Rachal believes that luxury lies in the details. With over 20 years of experience in the luxury travel industry, he has crafted hundreds of bespoke itineraries for clients seeking personalized, unforgettable experiences.
Whether guiding clients through private cultural tours or curating culinary journeys with world-renowned chefs, Michael ensures that each trip is tailored to perfection.
His ability to anticipate needs and exceed expectations has earned him a reputation as a leading expert in luxury travel.
Finn Wilde
Reviewer
For Finn Wilde, the wilderness is more than just a destination - it’s a way of life. Over the past decade, he has led multiple expeditions in some of the world’s most remote regions, from the icy fjords of Greenland to the rugged trails of Patagonia.
Finn emphasizes sustainability in all of his adventures, helping participants connect with nature while promoting responsible exploration. His expeditions inspire individuals to explore the great outdoors while fostering a deep respect for the environment.
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